An evaluation of the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease mortality in Taraba State
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Background of the Study
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in Nigeria, with mortality rates on the rise, especially in regions like Taraba State, where access to healthcare is limited, and awareness about CVDs is low (Bello & Adebayo, 2023). CVD mortality is primarily driven by modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity (Alhassan & Lawal, 2023). Nurses, as front-line healthcare workers, play a crucial role in reducing the burden of CVDs through interventions such as patient education, lifestyle counseling, medication management, and monitoring (Okonkwo et al., 2024).
Despite the growing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in Taraba State, there is limited research on the specific role of nurses in reducing CVD mortality. Nurse-led interventions such as health education programs, community outreach, and patient support groups have been shown to improve patient outcomes, including reducing CVD mortality (Umar et al., 2024). However, the effectiveness of these interventions in Taraba State remains inadequately studied. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease mortality in the state.
Statement of the Problem
The mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases in Taraba State remains high, despite the availability of preventive interventions. While nurses are integral in implementing CVD prevention and management strategies, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of their specific role in reducing CVD-related deaths in the region. This study aims to fill this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease mortality in Taraba State.
Objectives of the Study
- To evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease mortality in Taraba State.
- To assess the impact of nurse-led health education and lifestyle counseling on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
- To identify the challenges and barriers faced by nurses in implementing CVD prevention strategies in Taraba State.
Research Questions
- How effective are nurse-led interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease mortality in Taraba State?
- What is the impact of nurse-led health education and lifestyle counseling on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the state?
- What challenges do nurses face in implementing cardiovascular disease prevention strategies in Taraba State?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurse-led interventions significantly reduce cardiovascular disease mortality in Taraba State.
- Nurse-led health education and lifestyle counseling lead to a reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the state.
- Barriers to the effective implementation of nurse-led interventions are related to limited resources and training.
Scope and Limitations of the Study This study will focus on the role of nurses in reducing cardiovascular disease mortality in Taraba State, with an emphasis on community and hospital-based interventions. Limitations include possible discrepancies in the implementation of interventions due to resource limitations in different areas of the state.
Definitions of Terms
- Cardiovascular disease mortality: Deaths resulting from diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke.
- Nurse-led interventions: Interventions implemented by nurses aimed at improving patient health outcomes through education, lifestyle changes, and medical management.
- Health education: The process of teaching individuals and communities about health risks and promoting behaviors that lead to better health outcomes.
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